Colin Raymond
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I am currently an Assistant Research Scientist at the University of California, Los Angeles. My research centers on better understanding how weather systems interact with geographical features to produce climate extremes (especially involving heat, humidity, and precipitation) at local and regional scales. Combinations of hazards, and their compounding with societal factors such as land use, demographics, and crisis decision-making, figure prominently. My work draws from a variety of sources including in situ observations, physical and machine-learning-based models, and interdisciplinary knowledge exchange. I am also passionate about generating and communicating climate information such that it is most useful for decision-making, through contributions to impacts assessments, stakeholder conversations, and educational and outreach activities.
CV: Jan 30, 2026 version Bluesky: @regclimo LinkedIn: profile page Recent interviews & media coverage: Eos, Urgent Futures, SciDev.net, ABC News Australia, Washington Post (x2), The Guardian, AFP, E&E News |
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Peer-Reviewed Publications [as Lead Author]
36. Raymond, C., Suarez-Gutierrez, L., Thompson, V., and van der Wiel, K. (2025). Distinct favored regions for historical record-setting and future record-breaking humid heat. AGU Advances. doi:10.1029/2025av001963.
-News coverage from Eos
35. Raymond, C., Matthews, T., and Tuholske, C. (2024). Evening humid-heat maxima near the southern Persian/Arabian Gulf. Communications Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01763-3.
34. Raymond, C., Shreevastava, A., Slinskey, E., and Waliser, D. (2024). Linkages between atmospheric rivers and humid heat across the United States. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. doi:10.5194/nhess-24-791-2024. [Twitter thread]
33. Raymond, C., Waliser, D., Guan, B., Lee, H., Loikith, P., Massoud, E., Sengupta, A., Singh, D., and Wootten, A. (2022). Regional and elevational patterns of extreme heat stress change in the US. Environmental Research Letters. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac7343.
-News coverage from JPL
32. Raymond, C., Suarez-Gutierrez, L., Kornhuber, K., Pascolini-Campbell, M., Sillmann, J., and Waliser, D. E. (2022). Increasing spatiotemporal proximity of heat and precipitation extremes in a warming world quantified by a large model ensemble. Environmental Research Letters. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac5712. [Twitter thread]
31. Raymond, C., Matthews, T., Horton, R., Fischer, E., Fueglistaler, S., Ivanovich, C., Suarez-Gutierrez, L., and Zhang, Y. (2021). On the controlling factors for globally extreme humid heat. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2021gl096082. [Twitter thread]
30. Raymond, C., Horton, R., Zscheischler, J., Martius, O., AghaKouchak, A., Balch, J., Bowen, S., Camargo, S., Hess, J., Kornhuber, K., Oppenheimer, M., Ruane, A., Wahl, T., and White, K. (2020). Understanding and managing connected extreme events. Nature Climate Change. doi:10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4.
-News coverage from Columbia University, CBS News
29. Raymond, C., Matthews, T., and Horton, R. (2020). The emergence of heat and humidity too severe for human tolerance. Science Advances. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw1838.
-News coverage from Science, Scientific American, AAAS, Bloomberg, Climate Central, CNN, Columbia Magazine, Columbia University, NBC News, New Scientist, Newsweek, NOAA, Quartz, The Economist, The Guardian, The National (UAE), Washington Post, Weather.com, Wunderground
-Also see our article in The Conversation
28. Raymond, C., and Mankin, J. (2019). Assessing present and future coastal moderation of extreme heat in the Eastern United States. Environmental Research Letters. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab495d.
27. Raymond, C., Singh, D., and Horton, R. (2017). Spatiotemporal patterns and synoptics of extreme wet-bulb temperature in the contiguous United States. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. doi:10.1002/2017jd027140.
-News coverage from Eos
35. Raymond, C., Matthews, T., and Tuholske, C. (2024). Evening humid-heat maxima near the southern Persian/Arabian Gulf. Communications Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01763-3.
34. Raymond, C., Shreevastava, A., Slinskey, E., and Waliser, D. (2024). Linkages between atmospheric rivers and humid heat across the United States. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. doi:10.5194/nhess-24-791-2024. [Twitter thread]
33. Raymond, C., Waliser, D., Guan, B., Lee, H., Loikith, P., Massoud, E., Sengupta, A., Singh, D., and Wootten, A. (2022). Regional and elevational patterns of extreme heat stress change in the US. Environmental Research Letters. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac7343.
-News coverage from JPL
32. Raymond, C., Suarez-Gutierrez, L., Kornhuber, K., Pascolini-Campbell, M., Sillmann, J., and Waliser, D. E. (2022). Increasing spatiotemporal proximity of heat and precipitation extremes in a warming world quantified by a large model ensemble. Environmental Research Letters. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac5712. [Twitter thread]
31. Raymond, C., Matthews, T., Horton, R., Fischer, E., Fueglistaler, S., Ivanovich, C., Suarez-Gutierrez, L., and Zhang, Y. (2021). On the controlling factors for globally extreme humid heat. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2021gl096082. [Twitter thread]
30. Raymond, C., Horton, R., Zscheischler, J., Martius, O., AghaKouchak, A., Balch, J., Bowen, S., Camargo, S., Hess, J., Kornhuber, K., Oppenheimer, M., Ruane, A., Wahl, T., and White, K. (2020). Understanding and managing connected extreme events. Nature Climate Change. doi:10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4.
-News coverage from Columbia University, CBS News
29. Raymond, C., Matthews, T., and Horton, R. (2020). The emergence of heat and humidity too severe for human tolerance. Science Advances. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw1838.
-News coverage from Science, Scientific American, AAAS, Bloomberg, Climate Central, CNN, Columbia Magazine, Columbia University, NBC News, New Scientist, Newsweek, NOAA, Quartz, The Economist, The Guardian, The National (UAE), Washington Post, Weather.com, Wunderground
-Also see our article in The Conversation
28. Raymond, C., and Mankin, J. (2019). Assessing present and future coastal moderation of extreme heat in the Eastern United States. Environmental Research Letters. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab495d.
27. Raymond, C., Singh, D., and Horton, R. (2017). Spatiotemporal patterns and synoptics of extreme wet-bulb temperature in the contiguous United States. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. doi:10.1002/2017jd027140.
Peer-Reviewed Publications [as Contributing Author]
26. Kong, Q., Jing, R., Raymond, C., Tuholske, C., Heft-Neal, S., Wagner, Z., Wang, Z., Zimmer, A., Huber, M., and Bendavid, E. (2025). Spatial patterns of historical changes in human heat stress disagree across metrics. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2025gl117966.
25. Mishra, V., Chuphal, D., Kong, Q., Raymond, C., Parsons, L., Kumar, R., Tumbe, C., and Huber, M. (2025). Migrant laborers in India face increased heat stress driven by climate warming and ENSO variability. Earth's Future. doi:10.1029/2025ef006167.
24. Willett, K., Horton, R., Lo, Y., Raymond, C., Rogers, C., and Wang, D. (2025). Humid-heat extremes over land. In "State of the Climate in 2024" (Blunden, J., and J. Reagan, Eds.) Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. doi:10.1175/2025bamsstateoftheclimate.1.
23. Wootten, A., Massoud, E., and Raymond, C. (2025). Which projections do I use? Strategies for ensemble subset selection based on regional stakeholder needs. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2025gl116492.
22. Teyton, A., Bailey, J., Luo, E., Ajaj, R., Raymond, C., Tuholske, C., and Benmarhnia, T. (2025). Overheated and understudied: A scoping review of heat-related health impacts in the Arabian Peninsula. GeoHealth. doi:10.1029/2024gh001277.
21. Zscheischler, J., Raymond, C., Chen, Y., Le Grix, N., Libonati, R., Rogers, C., White, C., and Wolski, P. (2025). Compound weather and climate events in 2024. Nature Reviews Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43017-025-00657-y.
20. Matthews, T., Raymond, C., Foster, J., Baldwin, J., Ivanovich, C., Kong, Q., Kinney, P., and Horton, R. (2025). Mortality impacts of the most extreme heat events. Nature Reviews Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43017-024-00635-w.
19. Matthews, T., Ramsay, E., Saeed, F., Sherwood, S., Jay, O., Raymond, C., Abram, N., Wei Lee, J., Barley, S., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S., Khan, M., Meissner, K., Roberts, C., Mavalankar, D., Smith, K., Ullah, A., Sadad, A., Turner, V., and Forrest, A. (2024). Humid heat exceeds human tolerance limits and causes mass mortality. Nature Climate Change. doi:10.1038/s41558-024-02215-8.
18. Wilson, A., Bressler, R., Ivanovich, C., Tuholske, C., Raymond, C., Horton, R., Sobel, A., Kinney, P., Cavazos, T., and Shrader, J. (2024). Heat disproportionately kills young people: Evidence from wet-bulb temperature in Mexico. Science Advances. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adq3367.
17. Willett, K., Horton, R., Lo, Y., Raymond, C., and Rogers, C. (2024). Humid-heat extremes over land. In “State of the Climate in 2023" (Blunden, J., and T. Boyer, Eds.). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. doi:10.1175/2024bamsstateoftheclimate.1.
16. Ivanovich, C., Raymond, C., Sobel, A., and Horton, R. (2024). Stickiness: A new variable to characterize the temperature and humidity contributions toward humid heat. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. doi:10.1175/jas-d-23-0072.1.
15. Tuholske, C., Lynch, V., Spriggs, R., Ahn, Y., Raymond, C., Nigra, A., and Parks, R. (2024). Hazardous heat exposure among incarcerated people in the United States. Nature Sustainability. doi:10.1038/s41893-024-01293-y.
14. Bustamante, M., ... Raymond, C., et al. (2023). Ten new insights in climate science 2023/2024. Global Sustainability. doi:10.1017/sus.2023.25.
13. You, J., Wang, S., Zhang, B., Raymond, C., and Matthews, T. (2023). Growing threats from swings between hot and wet extremes in a warmer world. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2023gl104075.
12. Shreevastava, A., Raymond, C., and Hulley, G. (2023). Contrasting intra-urban signatures of humid and dry heatwaves over Southern California. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. doi:10.1175/jamc-d-22-0149.1.
11. Ivanovich, C., Anderson, W., Horton, R., Raymond, C., and Sobel, A. (2022). The influence of intraseasonal oscillations on humid heat in the Persian Gulf and South Asia. Journal of Climate. doi:10.1175/jcli-d-21-0488.1.
10. Matthews, T., Byrne, M., Horton, R., Murphy, C., Pielke Sr., R., Raymond, C., Thorne, P., and Wilby, R. (2022). Latent heat must be visible in climate communications. WIREs Climate Change. doi:10.1002/wcc.779. [Twitter thread]
9. Mehrabi, Z., ... Raymond, C., et al. (2022). Research priorities for global food security under extreme events. One Earth. doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2022.06.008.
8. Sengupta, A., Waliser, D., Massoud, E., Guan, B., Raymond, C., and Lee, H. (2022). Representation of atmospheric water budget and uncertainty quantification of future changes in CMIP6 for the seven U.S. National Climate Assessment regions. Journal of Climate. doi:10.1175/jcli-d-22-0114.1.
7. Speizer, S., Raymond, C., Ivanovich, C., and Horton, R. M. (2022). Concentrated and intensifying humid heat extremes in the IPCC AR6 regions. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2021gl097261. [Twitter thread]
6. Rogers, C., Ting, M., Li, C., Kornhuber, K., Coffel, E., Horton, R., Raymond, C., and Singh, D. (2021). Recent increases in exposure to extreme humid-heat events disproportionately affect populated regions. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2021gl094183.
-News coverage from Washington State University
5. Mukherjee, S., Mishra, A., Mann, M., and Raymond, C. (2021). Anthropogenic warming and population growth may double US heat stress by the late 21st century. Earth's Future. doi:10.1029/2020ef001886.
-News coverage from AGU
4. Teitelbaum, C., Sirén, A., Coffel, E., Foster, J., Frair, J., Hinton, J., Horton, R., Kramer, D., Lesk, C., Raymond, C., Wattles, D., Zeller, K., and Morelli, T. (2021). Habitat use as indicator of adaptive capacity to climate change. Diversity and Distributions. doi:10.1111/ddi.13223.
3. Massoud, E., Massoud, T., Guan, B., Sengupta, A., Espinoza, V., De Luna, M., Raymond, C., and Waliser, D. (2020). Atmospheric rivers and precipitation in the Middle East and North Africa. Water. doi:10.3390/w12102863.
2. Zscheischler, J., Martius, O., Westra, S., Bevacqua, E., Raymond, C., Horton, R. M., van den Hurk, B., AghaKouchak, A., Jézéquel, A., Mahecha, M., Maraun, D., Ramos, A, Ridder, N., Thiery, W., and Vignotto, E. (2020). A typology of compound weather and climate events. Nature Reviews Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43017-020-0060-z.
-News coverage from University of Bern [in German]
1. Horton, R., Mankin, J., Lesk, C., Coffel, E., and Raymond, C. (2016). A review of recent advances in research on extreme heat events. Current Climate Change Reports. doi:10.1007/s40641-016-0042-x.
25. Mishra, V., Chuphal, D., Kong, Q., Raymond, C., Parsons, L., Kumar, R., Tumbe, C., and Huber, M. (2025). Migrant laborers in India face increased heat stress driven by climate warming and ENSO variability. Earth's Future. doi:10.1029/2025ef006167.
24. Willett, K., Horton, R., Lo, Y., Raymond, C., Rogers, C., and Wang, D. (2025). Humid-heat extremes over land. In "State of the Climate in 2024" (Blunden, J., and J. Reagan, Eds.) Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. doi:10.1175/2025bamsstateoftheclimate.1.
23. Wootten, A., Massoud, E., and Raymond, C. (2025). Which projections do I use? Strategies for ensemble subset selection based on regional stakeholder needs. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2025gl116492.
22. Teyton, A., Bailey, J., Luo, E., Ajaj, R., Raymond, C., Tuholske, C., and Benmarhnia, T. (2025). Overheated and understudied: A scoping review of heat-related health impacts in the Arabian Peninsula. GeoHealth. doi:10.1029/2024gh001277.
21. Zscheischler, J., Raymond, C., Chen, Y., Le Grix, N., Libonati, R., Rogers, C., White, C., and Wolski, P. (2025). Compound weather and climate events in 2024. Nature Reviews Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43017-025-00657-y.
20. Matthews, T., Raymond, C., Foster, J., Baldwin, J., Ivanovich, C., Kong, Q., Kinney, P., and Horton, R. (2025). Mortality impacts of the most extreme heat events. Nature Reviews Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43017-024-00635-w.
19. Matthews, T., Ramsay, E., Saeed, F., Sherwood, S., Jay, O., Raymond, C., Abram, N., Wei Lee, J., Barley, S., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S., Khan, M., Meissner, K., Roberts, C., Mavalankar, D., Smith, K., Ullah, A., Sadad, A., Turner, V., and Forrest, A. (2024). Humid heat exceeds human tolerance limits and causes mass mortality. Nature Climate Change. doi:10.1038/s41558-024-02215-8.
18. Wilson, A., Bressler, R., Ivanovich, C., Tuholske, C., Raymond, C., Horton, R., Sobel, A., Kinney, P., Cavazos, T., and Shrader, J. (2024). Heat disproportionately kills young people: Evidence from wet-bulb temperature in Mexico. Science Advances. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adq3367.
17. Willett, K., Horton, R., Lo, Y., Raymond, C., and Rogers, C. (2024). Humid-heat extremes over land. In “State of the Climate in 2023" (Blunden, J., and T. Boyer, Eds.). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. doi:10.1175/2024bamsstateoftheclimate.1.
16. Ivanovich, C., Raymond, C., Sobel, A., and Horton, R. (2024). Stickiness: A new variable to characterize the temperature and humidity contributions toward humid heat. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. doi:10.1175/jas-d-23-0072.1.
15. Tuholske, C., Lynch, V., Spriggs, R., Ahn, Y., Raymond, C., Nigra, A., and Parks, R. (2024). Hazardous heat exposure among incarcerated people in the United States. Nature Sustainability. doi:10.1038/s41893-024-01293-y.
14. Bustamante, M., ... Raymond, C., et al. (2023). Ten new insights in climate science 2023/2024. Global Sustainability. doi:10.1017/sus.2023.25.
13. You, J., Wang, S., Zhang, B., Raymond, C., and Matthews, T. (2023). Growing threats from swings between hot and wet extremes in a warmer world. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2023gl104075.
12. Shreevastava, A., Raymond, C., and Hulley, G. (2023). Contrasting intra-urban signatures of humid and dry heatwaves over Southern California. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. doi:10.1175/jamc-d-22-0149.1.
11. Ivanovich, C., Anderson, W., Horton, R., Raymond, C., and Sobel, A. (2022). The influence of intraseasonal oscillations on humid heat in the Persian Gulf and South Asia. Journal of Climate. doi:10.1175/jcli-d-21-0488.1.
10. Matthews, T., Byrne, M., Horton, R., Murphy, C., Pielke Sr., R., Raymond, C., Thorne, P., and Wilby, R. (2022). Latent heat must be visible in climate communications. WIREs Climate Change. doi:10.1002/wcc.779. [Twitter thread]
9. Mehrabi, Z., ... Raymond, C., et al. (2022). Research priorities for global food security under extreme events. One Earth. doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2022.06.008.
8. Sengupta, A., Waliser, D., Massoud, E., Guan, B., Raymond, C., and Lee, H. (2022). Representation of atmospheric water budget and uncertainty quantification of future changes in CMIP6 for the seven U.S. National Climate Assessment regions. Journal of Climate. doi:10.1175/jcli-d-22-0114.1.
7. Speizer, S., Raymond, C., Ivanovich, C., and Horton, R. M. (2022). Concentrated and intensifying humid heat extremes in the IPCC AR6 regions. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2021gl097261. [Twitter thread]
6. Rogers, C., Ting, M., Li, C., Kornhuber, K., Coffel, E., Horton, R., Raymond, C., and Singh, D. (2021). Recent increases in exposure to extreme humid-heat events disproportionately affect populated regions. Geophysical Research Letters. doi:10.1029/2021gl094183.
-News coverage from Washington State University
5. Mukherjee, S., Mishra, A., Mann, M., and Raymond, C. (2021). Anthropogenic warming and population growth may double US heat stress by the late 21st century. Earth's Future. doi:10.1029/2020ef001886.
-News coverage from AGU
4. Teitelbaum, C., Sirén, A., Coffel, E., Foster, J., Frair, J., Hinton, J., Horton, R., Kramer, D., Lesk, C., Raymond, C., Wattles, D., Zeller, K., and Morelli, T. (2021). Habitat use as indicator of adaptive capacity to climate change. Diversity and Distributions. doi:10.1111/ddi.13223.
3. Massoud, E., Massoud, T., Guan, B., Sengupta, A., Espinoza, V., De Luna, M., Raymond, C., and Waliser, D. (2020). Atmospheric rivers and precipitation in the Middle East and North Africa. Water. doi:10.3390/w12102863.
2. Zscheischler, J., Martius, O., Westra, S., Bevacqua, E., Raymond, C., Horton, R. M., van den Hurk, B., AghaKouchak, A., Jézéquel, A., Mahecha, M., Maraun, D., Ramos, A, Ridder, N., Thiery, W., and Vignotto, E. (2020). A typology of compound weather and climate events. Nature Reviews Earth and Environment. doi:10.1038/s43017-020-0060-z.
-News coverage from University of Bern [in German]
1. Horton, R., Mankin, J., Lesk, C., Coffel, E., and Raymond, C. (2016). A review of recent advances in research on extreme heat events. Current Climate Change Reports. doi:10.1007/s40641-016-0042-x.
Professional Service and Activities
-Co-lead of the Risk KAN Compound Events working group; have been organizing regular webinars and other networking activities since April 2020.
-Co-lead organizer of the NSF-funded "Workshop on Compounding, Cascading, and Critical Risks to U.S. Infrastructure and Security", a ~100-person event at Portland State University in summer 2025. More info available at our website.
-Co-lead organizer of the NSF-funded "Workshop on Correlated Extremes", a ~175-person event at Columbia University in May 2019. More info available at our website. Recordings of all talks are available on Youtube.
-Other conference organization and chairing:
3rd International Conference on Natural Hazards and Risks in a Changing World, 2024
2nd Como Training School on Compound Events, 2022
"Climate change as a systemic risk" session at EGU 2022
Workshop on Compound Weather and Climate Events, January 2021
Various correlated/compounding climate extremes sessions at AGU Fall Meetings, 2019-25
"Extreme heat events: processes, impacts, and adaptation" session at EGU, 2019, 2022
-Co-lead organizer of the NSF-funded "Workshop on Compounding, Cascading, and Critical Risks to U.S. Infrastructure and Security", a ~100-person event at Portland State University in summer 2025. More info available at our website.
-Co-lead organizer of the NSF-funded "Workshop on Correlated Extremes", a ~175-person event at Columbia University in May 2019. More info available at our website. Recordings of all talks are available on Youtube.
-Other conference organization and chairing:
3rd International Conference on Natural Hazards and Risks in a Changing World, 2024
2nd Como Training School on Compound Events, 2022
"Climate change as a systemic risk" session at EGU 2022
Workshop on Compound Weather and Climate Events, January 2021
Various correlated/compounding climate extremes sessions at AGU Fall Meetings, 2019-25
"Extreme heat events: processes, impacts, and adaptation" session at EGU, 2019, 2022
Outreach and Mentorship
Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (2024) — mentee Carolina Lopez
JIFRESSE Summer Internship Program (2024, 2025) — mentees Jason Ge, Anneliese Phillips
NCAR Climate Data Guide Board of Advisors (2020-23)
Caltech Hybrid Summer Research Connection mentor (2022)
Catholic Charities of New York English as a Second Language instructor (2015-2017)
JIFRESSE Summer Internship Program (2024, 2025) — mentees Jason Ge, Anneliese Phillips
NCAR Climate Data Guide Board of Advisors (2020-23)
Caltech Hybrid Summer Research Connection mentor (2022)
Catholic Charities of New York English as a Second Language instructor (2015-2017)